Pancasila merupakan ideologi dan dasar negara yang menjadi asas bangsa Indonesia.
Istilah Pancasila berasal dari bahasa Sanskerta, yaitu dari kata Panca dan Sila. Panca berarti lima dan Sila berarti prinsip, atau asas. Jika digabungkan, Pancasila memiliki pengertian lima asas negara Indonesia.
Pancasila memiliki lambang berupa burung Garuda. Lambang ini dirancang oleh Syarif Abdul Hamid al-Qadri atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan Sultan Hamid II, yang merupakan sultan ketujuh dari Kesultanan Pontianak.
Pada tanggal 15 Februari 1950, lambang Burung Garuda diperkenalkan pertama kali kepada khalayak umum di Hotel Des Indes Jakarta. Setelah sebelumnya, diresmikan pada Sidang Kabinet Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS) pada tanggal 11 Februari 1950.
Sebagai sebuah simbol, Garuda Pancasila memiliki makna pada setiap bagiannya. Seperti bulu pada kedua sayap burung Garuda yang berjumlah 17 helai pada setiap sayapnya. Kemudian ada juga 19 helai bulu di bawah perisai atau pada pangkal ekor, 45 helai bulu di leher, 8 helai bulu pada ekor. Dan kesemuanya ini melambangkan tanggal kemerdekaan Indonesia, yaitu tanggal 17 Agustus 1945.
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Berbagai Cara Dilakukan, Demi Mengembangkan Skill Santri Membaca Alquran
Tokoh yang pertama kali memperkenalkan Pancasila ialah Ir. Soekarno, saat sidang BPUPKI (Badan Penyelidik Usaha-usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia) pada tanggal 1 Juni 1945. Waktu itu, beliau mengusulkan gagasan dasar negara berisikan 5 sila yang diberi nama Pancasila.
Meski mendapat respon positif dari peserta rapat, perumusan Pancasila bukan tanpa perdebatan. Utamanya ketika kelompok Islam tertentu ingin memperjelas identitas keislamannya di dalam Pancasila.
Namun semua ini dapat diselesaikan, apalagi setelah mendengar pendapat KH. Hasyim Asy’ari bahwa Pancasila sudah betul secara syar’i.
Konon, untuk memutuskan bahwa Pancasila sudah sesuai syariat Islam atau belum, Kiai Hasyim Asy’ari melakukan tirakat.
Diantara tirakat Kiai Hasyim ialah puasa tiga hari. Selama puasa tersebut, beliau mengkhatamkan Alquran dan membaca al-Fatihah. Setiap membaca al-Fatihah dan sampai pada ayat iya kana’ budu waiya kanasta’in, Kiai Hasyim mengulangnya hingga 350.000 kali.
Kemudian, setelah puasa tiga hari, Kiai Hasyim Asy’ari melakukan salat istikharah dua rakaat. Rakaat pertama beliau membaca Surat at-Taubah sebanyak 41 kali, sedangkan rakaat kedua membaca Surat al-Kahfi juga sebanyak 41 kali. Kemudian beliau istirahat tidur. Sebelum tidur, Kiai Hasyim Asy’ari membaca ayat terkahir dari Surat al-Kahfi sebanyak 11 kali.
Selain itu, jika dipahami secara mendalam, kelima sila yang ada dalam Pancasila selaras dengan firman-firman Alloh yang termaktub dalam Alquran
Sila pertama yakni “Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa” selaras dengan firman Alloh yang menegaskan keesaan-Nya dan memuat kandungan teologi atau ketauhidan. Hal ini selaras dengan Alquran Surat al-Ikhlas ayat 1.
Sila kedua, “Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab”, sejalan dengan firman Alloh SWT di dalam Alquran Surat an-Nisa ayat 135.
Sila ketiga, “Persatuan Indonesia”, sejalan dengan firman Alloh SWT di dalam Alquran Surat al-Hujurat ayat 13.
Sila keempat, “Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan perwakilan”, sejalan dengan firman Alloh SWT di dalam Alquran Surat asy-Syuro ayat 38.
Sila kelima, “Keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia”, sejalan dengan firman Alloh SWT di dalam Alquran Surat an-Nahl ayat 90.
Oleh: Ag. Nurul Anwar Yazid
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